KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA PADA IBU HAMIL DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Abstract
A shadow pandemic in the form of violence against women, especially domestic violence, is one of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, there has not been much research on domestic violence specifically for pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. This literature review aims to summarize research evidence on domestic violence in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Articles were obtained from three databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest) with an English filter and published in 2019–2022. After a series of selection processes, seven articles that met the criteria were obtained, giving a total sample of 8725. There were 4 main themes found in this literature review, namely the prevalence of domestic violence, types of domestic violence, factors influencing the occurrence of domestic violence, and the impact of domestic violence on pregnant women. The high prevalence and severe impact of domestic violence on pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic must be a common concern as a problem in public health. Related parties, especially health service providers, must play an active role in preventing and dealing with domestic violence in pregnant women.References
Al Dosary, A. H. (2016). Health Impact of Domestic Violence against Saudi Women: Cross Sectional Study. International Journal of Health Sciences, 10(2), 165–173.
Alebel, A., Kibret, G. D., Wagnew, F., Tesema, C., Ferede, A., Petrucka, P., Bobo, F. T., Birhanu, M. Y., Tadesse, A. A., & Eshetie, S. (2018). Intimate partner violence and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Reproductive Health, 15(1), 196. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-018-0637-x
Alhusen, J. L., Ray, E., Sharps, P., & Bullock, L. (2015). Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy: Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes. Journal of Women’s Health, 24(1), 100–106. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2014.4872
Aljomaie, H. A. H., Hollingdrake, O., Cruz, A. A., & Currie, J. (2022). A scoping review of the healthcare provided by nurses to people experiencing domestic violence in primary health care settings. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 4, 100068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2022.100068
Antoniou, E. (2020). Women’s Experiences of Domestic Violence during Pregnancy: A Qualitative Research in Greece. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), Article 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197069
Asratie, M. H. (2022). Domestic violence during COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant women registered for antenatal care and selected adverse pregnancy outcomes in Amhara region Ethiopia: Prospective cohort study design. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 17, 101146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101146
Belay, S., Astatkie, A., & Hinderaker, S. G. (2022). Birth weight was associated with maternal exposure to intimate partner violence during pregnancy in southern Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 960443. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.960443
Berhanie, E., Gebregziabher, D., Berihu, H., Gerezgiher, A., & Kidane, G. (2019). Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: A case-control study. Reproductive Health, 16(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0670-4
Connelly, C. D., Hazen, A. L., Baker-Ericzén, M. J., Landsverk, J., & Horwitz, S. M. (2013). Is Screening for Depression in the Perinatal Period Enough? The Co-Occurrence of Depression, Substance Abuse, and Intimate Partner Violence in Culturally Diverse Pregnant Women. Journal of Women’s Health, 22(10), 844–852. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2012.4121
Dheostali, P. B., Rege, S., Pal, P., Nandi, S., Bathia, N., & Kashyap, A. (2018). Role of the Health Sector in Addressing Intimate Partner Violence in India: A Synthesis Report. International Center for Research on Women.
Di Franco, M., Martines, G. F., Carpinteri, G., Trovato, G., & Catalano, D. (2020). Domestic violence detection amid the COVID-19 pandemic: The value of the WHO questionnaire in Emergency Medicine. QJM: Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa333
Elkhateeb, R., Abdelmeged, A., Ahmad, S., Mahran, A., Abdelzaher, W. Y., Welson, N. N., Al-Zahrani, Y., Alhuwaydi, A. M., & Bahaa, H. A. (2021). Impact of domestic violence against pregnant women in Minia governorate, Egypt: A cross sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21(1), 535. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03953-9
Fekadu, E., Yigzaw, G., Gelaye, K. A., Ayele, T. A., Minwuye, T., Geneta, T., & Teshome, D. F. (2018). Prevalence of domestic violence and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care service at University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Women’s Health, 18(1), 138. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-018-0632-y
Fetene, G., Alie, M. S., Girma, D., & Negesse, Y. (2022). Prevalence and its predictors of intimate partner violence against pregnant women amid COVID-19 pandemic in Southwest Ethiopia, 2021: A cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Medicine, 10, 20503121221079316. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121221079317
Garg, S., Rustagi, R., Singh, M. M., & Engtipi, K. (2020). Effect of Intimate Partner Violence on Maternal and Birth Outcomes of Pregnancy among Antenatal Clinic Attendees in Delhi: A Prospective Observational Study. Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 45(4), 501–505. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_538_19
Gharacheh, M., Azadi, S., Mohammadi, N., Montazeri, S., & Khalajinia, Z. (2015). Domestic Violence During Pregnancy and Women’s Health-Related Quality of Life. Global Journal of Health Science, 8(2), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p27
Hawcroft, C., Hughes, R., Shaheen, A., Usta, J., Elkadi, H., Dalton, T., Ginwalla, K., & Feder, G. (2019). Prevalence and health outcomes of domestic violence amongst clinical populations in Arab countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 315. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6619-2
Ibrahim, Z. M., Sayed Ahmed, W. A., El-Hamid, S. A., & Hagras, A. M. (2015). Intimate partner violence among Egyptian pregnant women: Incidence, risk factors, and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology, 42(2), 212–219.
Katushabe, E., Chinweuba, A., Omieibi, A., & Asiimwe, J. B. (2022). Prevalence and Determinants of Intimate-Partner Violence among Pregnant Women Attending a City Health Centre IV, South western Uganda, during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Student’s Journal of Health Research Africa, 3(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v3i3.92
Lencha, B., Ameya, G., Baresa, G., Minda, Z., & Ganfure, G. (2019). Intimate partner violence and its associated factors among pregnant women in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. PLOS ONE, 14(5), e0214962. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214962
Muldoon, K. A., Denize, K. M., Talarico, R., Fell, D. B., Sobiesiak, A., Heimerl, M., & Sampsel, K. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic and violence: Rising risks and decreasing urgent care-seeking for sexual assault and domestic violence survivors. BMC Medicine, 19(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01897-z
Naghizadeh, S., Mirghafourvand, M., & Mohammadirad, R. (2021). Domestic violence and its relationship with quality of life in pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19 disease. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21(1), 88. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03579-x
Orpin, J., Papadopoulos, C., & Puthussery, S. (2020). The Prevalence of Domestic Violence Among Pregnant Women in Nigeria: A Systematic Review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(1), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838017731570
Rosida, L., Putri, I. M., Komarudin, K., Fajarini, N., & Suryaningsih, E. K. (2021). The Domestic Violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7378
Sarayloo, K., Najmabadi, K., Ranjbar, F., & Behboodi Moghadam, Z. (2017). Prevalence and Risk Factors for Domestic Violence against Pregnant Women. Iran Journal of Nursing, 29, 28–35. https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.29.104.28
Sarkar, N. N. (2013). The cause and consequence of domestic violence on pregnant women in India. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology: The Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 33(3), 250–253. https://doi.org/10.3109/01443615.2012.747493
Sharma, A., & Borah, S. B. (2020). Covid-19 and Domestic Violence: An Indirect Path to Social and Economic Crisis. Journal of Family Violence, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-020-00188-8
Tavoli, Z., Tavoli, A., Amirpour, R., Hosseini, R., & Montazeri, A. (2016). Quality of life in women who were exposed to domestic violence during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 16, 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-016-0810-6
Teshome, A., Gudu, W., Bekele, D., Asfaw, M., Enyew, R., & Compton, S. D. (2020). Intimate partner violence among prenatal care attendees amidst the COVID-19 crisis: The incidence in Ethiopia. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13566
Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O’Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters, M. D. J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., Hempel, S., Akl, E. A., Chang, C., McGowan, J., Stewart, L., Hartling, L., Aldcroft, A., Wilson, M. G., Garritty, C., … Straus, S. E. (2018). PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850
UN Women. (2020a). Issue brief: COVID-19 and ending violence against women and girls | Digital library: Publications. UN Women. https://www.unwomen.org/digital-library/publications/2020/04/issue-brief-covid-19-and-ending-violence-against-women-and-girls
UN Women. (2020b). The Shadow Pandemic: Violence against women during COVID-19. UN Women. https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/in-focus/in-focus-gender-equality-in-covid-19-response/violence-against-women-during-covid-19
Wang, T., Liu, Y., Li, Z., Liu, K., Xu, Y., Shi, W., & Chen, L. (2017). Prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS One, 12(10), e0175108. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175108
Wood, S. N., Yirgu, R., Wondimagegnehu, A., Qian, J., Milkovich, R. M., Decker, M. R., Glass, N., Seid, F., Zekarias, L., & Zimmerman, L. A. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intimate partner violence during pregnancy: Evidence from a multimethods study of recently pregnant women in Ethiopia. BMJ Open, 12(4), e055790. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055790
Wu, F., Zhou, L., Chen, C., Lin, W., Liu, P., Huang, W., Zhong, C., Zhang, M., Li, Q., Chen, Q., & Wang, Y.-Y. (2022). Association between intimate partner violence and prenatal anxiety and depression in pregnant women: A cross-sectional survey during the COVID-19 epidemic in Shenzhen, China. BMJ Open, 12(5), e055333. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055333
Zhang, L., Dailey, R. K., Price, M., Misra, D. P., & Giurgescu, C. (2021). Intimate partner violence, prenatal stress, and substance use among pregnant Black women. Public Health Nursing, 38(4), 555–563. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12878
Alebel, A., Kibret, G. D., Wagnew, F., Tesema, C., Ferede, A., Petrucka, P., Bobo, F. T., Birhanu, M. Y., Tadesse, A. A., & Eshetie, S. (2018). Intimate partner violence and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Reproductive Health, 15(1), 196. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-018-0637-x
Alhusen, J. L., Ray, E., Sharps, P., & Bullock, L. (2015). Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy: Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes. Journal of Women’s Health, 24(1), 100–106. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2014.4872
Aljomaie, H. A. H., Hollingdrake, O., Cruz, A. A., & Currie, J. (2022). A scoping review of the healthcare provided by nurses to people experiencing domestic violence in primary health care settings. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 4, 100068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2022.100068
Antoniou, E. (2020). Women’s Experiences of Domestic Violence during Pregnancy: A Qualitative Research in Greece. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), Article 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197069
Asratie, M. H. (2022). Domestic violence during COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant women registered for antenatal care and selected adverse pregnancy outcomes in Amhara region Ethiopia: Prospective cohort study design. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 17, 101146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101146
Belay, S., Astatkie, A., & Hinderaker, S. G. (2022). Birth weight was associated with maternal exposure to intimate partner violence during pregnancy in southern Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 960443. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.960443
Berhanie, E., Gebregziabher, D., Berihu, H., Gerezgiher, A., & Kidane, G. (2019). Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: A case-control study. Reproductive Health, 16(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0670-4
Connelly, C. D., Hazen, A. L., Baker-Ericzén, M. J., Landsverk, J., & Horwitz, S. M. (2013). Is Screening for Depression in the Perinatal Period Enough? The Co-Occurrence of Depression, Substance Abuse, and Intimate Partner Violence in Culturally Diverse Pregnant Women. Journal of Women’s Health, 22(10), 844–852. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2012.4121
Dheostali, P. B., Rege, S., Pal, P., Nandi, S., Bathia, N., & Kashyap, A. (2018). Role of the Health Sector in Addressing Intimate Partner Violence in India: A Synthesis Report. International Center for Research on Women.
Di Franco, M., Martines, G. F., Carpinteri, G., Trovato, G., & Catalano, D. (2020). Domestic violence detection amid the COVID-19 pandemic: The value of the WHO questionnaire in Emergency Medicine. QJM: Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa333
Elkhateeb, R., Abdelmeged, A., Ahmad, S., Mahran, A., Abdelzaher, W. Y., Welson, N. N., Al-Zahrani, Y., Alhuwaydi, A. M., & Bahaa, H. A. (2021). Impact of domestic violence against pregnant women in Minia governorate, Egypt: A cross sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21(1), 535. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03953-9
Fekadu, E., Yigzaw, G., Gelaye, K. A., Ayele, T. A., Minwuye, T., Geneta, T., & Teshome, D. F. (2018). Prevalence of domestic violence and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care service at University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Women’s Health, 18(1), 138. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-018-0632-y
Fetene, G., Alie, M. S., Girma, D., & Negesse, Y. (2022). Prevalence and its predictors of intimate partner violence against pregnant women amid COVID-19 pandemic in Southwest Ethiopia, 2021: A cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Medicine, 10, 20503121221079316. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121221079317
Garg, S., Rustagi, R., Singh, M. M., & Engtipi, K. (2020). Effect of Intimate Partner Violence on Maternal and Birth Outcomes of Pregnancy among Antenatal Clinic Attendees in Delhi: A Prospective Observational Study. Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 45(4), 501–505. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_538_19
Gharacheh, M., Azadi, S., Mohammadi, N., Montazeri, S., & Khalajinia, Z. (2015). Domestic Violence During Pregnancy and Women’s Health-Related Quality of Life. Global Journal of Health Science, 8(2), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p27
Hawcroft, C., Hughes, R., Shaheen, A., Usta, J., Elkadi, H., Dalton, T., Ginwalla, K., & Feder, G. (2019). Prevalence and health outcomes of domestic violence amongst clinical populations in Arab countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 315. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6619-2
Ibrahim, Z. M., Sayed Ahmed, W. A., El-Hamid, S. A., & Hagras, A. M. (2015). Intimate partner violence among Egyptian pregnant women: Incidence, risk factors, and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology, 42(2), 212–219.
Katushabe, E., Chinweuba, A., Omieibi, A., & Asiimwe, J. B. (2022). Prevalence and Determinants of Intimate-Partner Violence among Pregnant Women Attending a City Health Centre IV, South western Uganda, during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Student’s Journal of Health Research Africa, 3(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v3i3.92
Lencha, B., Ameya, G., Baresa, G., Minda, Z., & Ganfure, G. (2019). Intimate partner violence and its associated factors among pregnant women in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. PLOS ONE, 14(5), e0214962. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214962
Muldoon, K. A., Denize, K. M., Talarico, R., Fell, D. B., Sobiesiak, A., Heimerl, M., & Sampsel, K. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic and violence: Rising risks and decreasing urgent care-seeking for sexual assault and domestic violence survivors. BMC Medicine, 19(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01897-z
Naghizadeh, S., Mirghafourvand, M., & Mohammadirad, R. (2021). Domestic violence and its relationship with quality of life in pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19 disease. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21(1), 88. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03579-x
Orpin, J., Papadopoulos, C., & Puthussery, S. (2020). The Prevalence of Domestic Violence Among Pregnant Women in Nigeria: A Systematic Review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(1), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838017731570
Rosida, L., Putri, I. M., Komarudin, K., Fajarini, N., & Suryaningsih, E. K. (2021). The Domestic Violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7378
Sarayloo, K., Najmabadi, K., Ranjbar, F., & Behboodi Moghadam, Z. (2017). Prevalence and Risk Factors for Domestic Violence against Pregnant Women. Iran Journal of Nursing, 29, 28–35. https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.29.104.28
Sarkar, N. N. (2013). The cause and consequence of domestic violence on pregnant women in India. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology: The Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 33(3), 250–253. https://doi.org/10.3109/01443615.2012.747493
Sharma, A., & Borah, S. B. (2020). Covid-19 and Domestic Violence: An Indirect Path to Social and Economic Crisis. Journal of Family Violence, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-020-00188-8
Tavoli, Z., Tavoli, A., Amirpour, R., Hosseini, R., & Montazeri, A. (2016). Quality of life in women who were exposed to domestic violence during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 16, 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-016-0810-6
Teshome, A., Gudu, W., Bekele, D., Asfaw, M., Enyew, R., & Compton, S. D. (2020). Intimate partner violence among prenatal care attendees amidst the COVID-19 crisis: The incidence in Ethiopia. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13566
Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O’Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters, M. D. J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., Hempel, S., Akl, E. A., Chang, C., McGowan, J., Stewart, L., Hartling, L., Aldcroft, A., Wilson, M. G., Garritty, C., … Straus, S. E. (2018). PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850
UN Women. (2020a). Issue brief: COVID-19 and ending violence against women and girls | Digital library: Publications. UN Women. https://www.unwomen.org/digital-library/publications/2020/04/issue-brief-covid-19-and-ending-violence-against-women-and-girls
UN Women. (2020b). The Shadow Pandemic: Violence against women during COVID-19. UN Women. https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/in-focus/in-focus-gender-equality-in-covid-19-response/violence-against-women-during-covid-19
Wang, T., Liu, Y., Li, Z., Liu, K., Xu, Y., Shi, W., & Chen, L. (2017). Prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS One, 12(10), e0175108. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175108
Wood, S. N., Yirgu, R., Wondimagegnehu, A., Qian, J., Milkovich, R. M., Decker, M. R., Glass, N., Seid, F., Zekarias, L., & Zimmerman, L. A. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intimate partner violence during pregnancy: Evidence from a multimethods study of recently pregnant women in Ethiopia. BMJ Open, 12(4), e055790. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055790
Wu, F., Zhou, L., Chen, C., Lin, W., Liu, P., Huang, W., Zhong, C., Zhang, M., Li, Q., Chen, Q., & Wang, Y.-Y. (2022). Association between intimate partner violence and prenatal anxiety and depression in pregnant women: A cross-sectional survey during the COVID-19 epidemic in Shenzhen, China. BMJ Open, 12(5), e055333. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055333
Zhang, L., Dailey, R. K., Price, M., Misra, D. P., & Giurgescu, C. (2021). Intimate partner violence, prenatal stress, and substance use among pregnant Black women. Public Health Nursing, 38(4), 555–563. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12878
Published
2024-07-24
How to Cite
FAJARINI, Nurbita; WARDANI, Suci Fitriana Pramudya.
KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA PADA IBU HAMIL DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19.
Jurnal Kesehatan Borneo Cendekia, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 1, p. 1-19, july 2024.
ISSN 2549-1822.
Available at: <https://journal.stikesborneocendekiamedika.ac.id/index.php/jbc/article/view/334>. Date accessed: 09 sep. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.54411/jbc.v8i1.334.
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