Analisis Pengetahuan Dan Persepsi Remaja Terhadap Paparan Sinar Matahari Dan Suplementasi Vitamin D Sebagai Upaya Preventif Rakitis
Abstract
Defisiensi vitamin D pada masa remaja merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang dapat meningkatkan risiko rakitis dan gangguan imunitas. Kurangnya paparan sinar matahari dan penggunaan tabir surya berlebih menjadi faktor risiko utama di kalangan remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan vitamin D dengan persepsi remaja terhadap paparan sinar matahari serta suplementasi sebagai upaya preventif rakitis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada 150 remaja Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) yang berada di Kotawaringin Barat yang dipilih menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang tervalidasi mencakup aspek pengetahuan dan persepsi. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas (rhitung > 0.159) dan reliabilitasnya (? = 0.765). Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square (? = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik (23,4%), cukup (37.3%), dan kurang (39.3%). Sebanyak 51.9% responden memiliki persepsi negatif terhadap paparan sinar matahari karena kekhawatiran terhadap perubahan warna kulit (estetika). Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan sikap remaja dalam pemenuhan vitamin D (p<0,05). Hasil uji Odds Ratio (OR) didapatkan hasil sebesar 7.8 (95% CI:4,2-14,5) yang menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan merupakan faktor determinan yang signifikan terhadap persepsi remaja dalam upaya pencegahan rakitis.References
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3. Dalle Carbonare L, Valenti MT, Del Forno F, Caneva E, Pietrobelli A. Vitamin D: Daily vs. Monthly Use in Children and Elderly-What Is Going On? Nutrients. 2017 Jun 24;9(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9070652 PMID: 28672793
4. Solis-Urra P, Cristi-Montero C, Romero-Parra J, Zavala-Crichton JP, Saez-Lara MJ, Plaza-Diaz J. Passive Commuting and Higher Sedentary Time Is Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency in Adult and Older Women: Results from Chilean National Health Survey 2016–2017. Nutrients. 2019 Jan 31;11(2):300. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020300
5. Neale RE, Khan SR, Lucas RM, Waterhouse M, Whiteman DC, Olsen CM. The effect of sunscreen on vitamin D: a review. British Journal of Dermatology. 2019 Nov 9;181(5):907–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.17980
6. Gatta E, Cappelli C. Sunscreen and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels: Friends or Foes? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Endocrine Practice. 2025 Jun;31(6):839–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2025.03.014
7. Patseadou M, Haller DM. Vitamin D in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Available Recommendations. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2020 Apr;66(4):388–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.08.025
8. Joshi M, Uday S. Vitamin D Deficiency in Chronic Childhood Disorders: Importance of Screening and Prevention. Nutrients. 2023 Jun 19;15(12):2805. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122805
9. Arshad S, Zaidi SJA. Vitamin D levels among children, adolescents, adults, and elders in Pakistani population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2022 Nov 8;22(1):2040. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14526-6
10. Taylor SN. Vitamin D in Toddlers, Preschool Children, and Adolescents. Ann Nutr Metab. 2020;76(Suppl. 2):30–41. https://doi.org/10.1159/000505635
11. Oktaria V, Putri DAD, Ihyauddin Z, Julia M, Sulistyoningrum DC, Koon PB, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in South-East Asian children: a systematic review. Arch Dis Child. 2022 Jun 9;107(11):980–7. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-323765 PMID: 35680405
12. Alkalash SH, Odah M, Alkenani HH, Hibili NH, Al-essa RS, Almowallad RT, et al. Public Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Vitamin D Deficiency in Al-Qunfudhah Governorate, Saudi Arabia. Cureus. 2023 Jan 14; https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33756
13. Fassio A, Adami G, Rossini M, Giollo A, Caimmi C, Bixio R, et al. Pharmacokinetics of Oral Cholecalciferol in Healthy Subjects with Vitamin D Deficiency: A Randomized Open-Label Study. Nutrients. 2020 May 27;12(6):1553. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061553
14. Schoenmakers I, Jones KS. Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of vitamin D. In: Feldman and Pike’ s Vitamin D. Elsevier; 2024. p. 633–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91386-7.00007-6
15. Dominguez LJ, Farruggia M, Veronese N, Barbagallo M. Vitamin D Sources, Metabolism, and Deficiency: Available Compounds and Guidelines for Its Treatment. Metabolites. 2021 Apr 20;11(4):255. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11040255
16. Kimball SM, Lee J, Vieth R. Sunbeds with UVB radiation can produce physiological levels of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in healthy volunteers. Dermatoendocrinol. 2017 Jan 1;9(1):e1375635. https://doi.org/10.1080/19381980.2017.1375635
17. Biasucci G, Donini V, Cannalire G. Rickets Types and Treatment with Vitamin D and Analogues. Nutrients. 2024 Jan 31;16(3):416. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030416
18. Tanna NK, Karki M, Webber I, Alaa A, El-Costa A, Blair M. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with vitamin D supplementation: A cross-sectional online community survey of adults in the UK. PLoS One. 2023 Aug 7;18(8):e0281172. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281172
19. Voulgaridou G, Athanassiou F, Kravvariti E, Doulgeraki S, Papadopoulou SK, Kokokiris LE. Knowledge and Predictors of Vitamin D Awareness Among Greek Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diseases. 2025 Feb 15;13(2):58. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases13020058
20. Raymond-Lezman JR, Riskin SI. Benefits and Risks of Sun Exposure to Maintain Adequate Vitamin D Levels. Cureus. 2023 May 5; https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38578
Published
2026-02-23
How to Cite
MAKANI, Mawaqit et al.
Analisis Pengetahuan Dan Persepsi Remaja Terhadap Paparan Sinar Matahari Dan Suplementasi Vitamin D Sebagai Upaya Preventif Rakitis.
Jurnal Borneo Cendekia, [S.l.], v. 9, n. 2, p. 73-82, feb. 2026.
ISSN 2549-1822.
Available at: <https://journal.stikesborneocendekiamedika.ac.id/index.php/jbc/article/view/695>. Date accessed: 14 apr. 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.54411/jbc.v9i2.695.
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